Key Points Splits duties across provider and customer Used in cloud security and operations Clarifies who manages which control Applies differently by service model Responsibility boundaries depend on service model (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) Requires clear documentation to avoid security gaps…
Key Points Follows identity verification in access flows Controls permissions and resource access Used in digital, network, and physical systems Often paired with authentication Evaluates permissions after identity has been established Definition Authorization is the process of determining what an…
Key Points Maintains acceptable operating temperatures for onboard equipment Uses passive and active thermal methods for temperature regulation Protects sensitive hardware from overheating or overcooling Operates within thermal limits to ensure reliable platform operation Uses conduction, radiation, insulation, and active…
Key Points Protects cloud resources and data Includes identity, configuration, and monitoring controls Depends on shared responsibility boundaries Used in public, private, and hybrid cloud Spans identity, encryption, configuration, monitoring, and policy management Definition Cloud Security is the set of…
Key Points Refers to electromagnetic frequency range Core resource in wireless and satellite systems Subject to allocation and interference management Different bands have different propagation properties Finite and shared across multiple services Definition Spectrum is the range of electromagnetic frequencies…
Key Points Used in industrial and infrastructure operations Focuses on physical process control Includes controllers, sensors, and supervisory systems Distinct from IT but increasingly connected Operates across industrial automation, utilities, transport, and infrastructure systems Definition OT is operational technology, the…
Key Points Carries operational voyage information including status, events, position, and compliance-related data Supports Maritime reporting, fleet monitoring, and remote oversight Often depends on intermittent Maritime connectivity Constraints include connectivity availability, bandwidth, timing, data integrity, and variable marine conditions Failure…
Key Points Supports communication in Aviation environments May involve air-to-ground, air-to-air, or satellite links Used for operational and passenger services Requires aviation-specific regulatory and mobility support Covers flight operations, maintenance data, crew communications, aircraft telemetry, and passenger internet services Definition…
Key Points Supports low-emission Maritime operations Shares routing and reporting data among stakeholders Used in sustainability and voyage planning Enables route planning, emissions tracking, and corridor coordination Participants include vessels, ports, and planning systems Definition Green Corridor Data Exchange is…
Key Points Measures separation between polarization channels Used in satellite and microwave systems Higher isolation reduces interference Important for polarization reuse Strong polarization isolation improves dual-polarized link usefulness and reduces cross-channel contamination Definition Polarization Isolation is the degree to which…
