Key Points Routes traffic by policy rules rather than destination lookup alone Can override default routing decisions Used in enterprise and carrier networks Supports application or source-based path selection Provides intentional traffic steering when standard routing is insufficient Definition Policy…
Key Points Represents the in-orbit part of a satellite system Includes satellites and onboard payload functions Works with the ground and user segments Defines the space-based service layer Handles the orbital side of the communication or sensing function Definition Space…
Key Points Maintains acceptable operating temperatures for onboard equipment Uses passive and active thermal methods for temperature regulation Protects sensitive hardware from overheating or overcooling Operates within thermal limits to ensure reliable platform operation Uses conduction, radiation, insulation, and active…
Key Points Refers to electromagnetic frequency range Core resource in wireless and satellite systems Subject to allocation and interference management Different bands have different propagation properties Finite and shared across multiple services Definition Spectrum is the range of electromagnetic frequencies…
Key Points Describes write throughput capacity of a historian system Must match or exceed sensor, tag, and event volume produced by operational systems Affects visibility freshness, data loss, backlog growth, and storage saturation Constrained by tag count, sample frequency, network…
Key Points Carries operational voyage information including status, events, position, and compliance-related data Supports Maritime reporting, fleet monitoring, and remote oversight Often depends on intermittent Maritime connectivity Constraints include connectivity availability, bandwidth, timing, data integrity, and variable marine conditions Failure…
Key Points Serves multiple users or services simultaneously Shares access capacity across a common terminal Used in access and satellite environments Requires capacity sharing, traffic controls, and access scheduling Lower hardware cost offset by increased contention and traffic management complexity…
Key Points Carries traffic in the forward direction from infrastructure to endpoint Important in satellite and access networks Often called the downlink from network to user perspective Service delivery often depends on robust forward link performance Operates across satellite communications,…
Key Points Reflects directional concentration of energy Affects transmit and receive performance Important in link budgets and coverage planning Influenced by design, size, and frequency Operates through antenna geometry and radiation pattern shaping Definition Antenna Gain is a measure of…
Key Points Supports communication in Aviation environments May involve air-to-ground, air-to-air, or satellite links Used for operational and passenger services Requires aviation-specific regulatory and mobility support Covers flight operations, maintenance data, crew communications, aircraft telemetry, and passenger internet services Definition…
