Key Points Covers confidentiality, integrity, and availability Applies to information systems and data Used across secure and regulated environments Combines policy, controls, monitoring, and recovery measures Requires balancing protection with practical operation Definition Information Assurance is the practice of preserving…
Key Points Represents process behavior over time Used for testing, design, and training Supports control and operational analysis Definition Process Simulation Model is a model that represents process behavior so engineers can test, analyze, or predict how the process will…
Key Points Controls item-based production steps Often tied to machines, cells, and conveyors Common in assembly and production lines Focuses on sequencing, timing, and state transitions between units Coordinates machine steps to move each unit through production in correct order…
Key Points Reduces system activity to protect hardware Used after anomalies or loss of control Aims to preserve survivability and recovery Keeps essential functions alive while minimizing unnecessary loads Waits for recovery, reconfiguration, or operator intervention Definition Safe Mode is…
Key Points Control system with strict timing requirements for effective operation Depends on timely response to function correctly Used in industrial automation, robotics, safety systems, and motion control Places timing requirements on sensing, computation, and actuation Definition Real-Time Control System…
Key Points Requires bounded response times Used in automation and embedded systems Timing correctness is part of functional correctness Common in industrial and motion control Emphasizes deterministic timing rather than only raw processing speed Definition Real Time Control is control…
Key Points Maintains acceptable operating temperatures for onboard equipment Uses passive and active thermal methods for temperature regulation Protects sensitive hardware from overheating or overcooling Operates within thermal limits to ensure reliable platform operation Uses conduction, radiation, insulation, and active…
Key Points Provides backup functionality Supports continuity during failures Often paired with switching or cross-strapping Used in spacecraft, industrial systems, and critical infrastructure Operationally effective through automatic or manual takeover Definition Redundant Subsystem is a backup or duplicate subsystem that…
Key Points Fault Detection And Isolation identifies faults and their likely source or location Used in operational and control contexts Compares observed behavior with expected behavior to identify anomalies Narrows cause to a subsystem, component, or signal path Effective maintenance…
Key Points Used in industrial and infrastructure operations Focuses on physical process control Includes controllers, sensors, and supervisory systems Distinct from IT but increasingly connected Operates across industrial automation, utilities, transport, and infrastructure systems Definition OT is operational technology, the…
