Key Points One-to-many-to-selected-receivers model Used in streaming and network distribution More efficient than multiple unicast copies Requires group membership or subscription Differs from broadcast by limiting to subscribed receivers only Differs from unicast by eliminating per-receiver sender replication Definition Multicast…
Key Points Sensor Calibration aligns sensor output to a known reference standard Improves measurement accuracy and consistency across operational contexts Used in operational and control contexts for industrial automation, process control, instrumentation, and quality systems Corrects measurement bias and ensures…
Key Points Transfers data between separated satcom security domains Applies filtering and policy controls at domain boundaries Used where satellite links cross trust boundaries Operates in protected satellite networks, Government & Defence systems, and regulated environments Enables information exchange across…
Key Points Tracks firmware versions and updates Important for device compatibility and security Affects recovery and change control Used in industrial devices, network equipment, embedded systems, and operational technology Includes version tracking, update procedures, and rollback planning Definition Firmware Management…
Key Points Improves data integrity and reliability Used in communication and storage systems Can recover from some corruption without retransmission Often paired with error detection Adds encoding overhead and processing cost Maximum correctable error rates are code-dependent Definition Error Correction…
Key Points Feedback control method using proportional, integral, and derivative terms Used in operational and control contexts Controller structure that uses three kinds of corrective action Common in industrial automation, process control, robotics, and regulated physical systems Balances responsiveness and…
Key Points Manages power on the transmit side of a downlink Supports coverage and interference balancing Used in cellular and satellite systems Can react to traffic load or channel conditions Can be fixed or dynamically adjusted based on link conditions…
Key Points Tracks system settings and versions Supports consistency and repeatability Used in IT, cloud, and operations Important for change control and auditability Ensures deployed systems match intended state Definition Configuration Management is the process of defining, tracking, and controlling…
Key Points Orders actions into a prescribed sequence Used for startup, operation, and shutdown routines Common in automation and process control Ensures processes follow correct progression during all operational phases Works by advancing through predefined steps or states based on…
Key Points Describes responsive scaling behavior Common in cloud and distributed systems Helps match capacity to workload Related to automation and resource management Enables systems to adapt without permanent overprovisioning Definition Elasticity is the ability of a system to expand…
